Therapeutic Strategies for Pruritus Ani: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology-Based Interventions

摘要

Pruritus ani, deffned as intractable itching in the perianal region, is a common and distressing clinical condition that severely impacts patients’ quality of life. Its etiology is complex and multifaceted, involving local skin barrier dysfunction, infections, systemic diseases, pharmacological factors, and lifestyle-related triggers. This paper systematically reviews the therapeutic strategies for pruritus ani, focusing on etiology-based interventions to provide evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. The study ffrst clariffes the classiffcation and key etiological factors of pruritus ani, then elaborates on core therapeutic measures including basic perianal care, topical pharmacological treatments, systemic medications, and physical/surgical interventions. It emphasizes that accurate etiological diagnosis is the prerequisite for effective treatment, and basic care should be implemented throughout the therapeutic process.