Medical Exploration and Discovery

Therapeutic Strategies for Pruritus Ani: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology-Based Interventions

2026-01-03T14:17:21+00:00

Pruritus ani, deffned as intractable itching in the perianal region, is a common and distressing clinical condition that severely impacts patients’ quality of life. Its etiology is complex and multifaceted, involving local skin barrier dysfunction, infections, systemic diseases, pharmacological factors, and lifestyle-related triggers. This paper systematically reviews the therapeutic strategies for pruritus ani, focusing on etiology-based interventions to provide evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. The study ffrst clariffes the classiffcation and key etiological factors of pruritus ani, then elaborates on core therapeutic measures including basic perianal care, topical pharmacological treatments, systemic medications, and physical/surgical interventions. It emphasizes that accurate etiological diagnosis is the prerequisite for effective treatment, and basic care should be implemented throughout the therapeutic process.

The Role of Rehabilitation Training in Fracture Recovery

2026-01-03T14:17:22+00:00

Fracture, a common musculoskeletal injury, often leads to temporary or permanent functional impairment without scientiffc rehabilitation intervention. This paper explores the theoretical foundation, core principles, and clinical application of rehabilitation training for fracture patients, aiming to provide evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. By analyzing the physiological mechanism of fracture healing and the characteristics of different fracture types, the paper clariffes the individualized implementation logic of rehabilitation training. It emphasizes that rehabilitation training should be carried out in conjunction with the physiological stages of fracture healing, adhering to the principles of individualization, gradual progression, functional orientation, and multidisciplinary collaboration. The clinical application part focuses on targeted training strategies for fractures of different parts (upper limbs, lower limbs, and spine) and discusses the dynamic evaluation and adjustment methods of rehabilitation effects. Finally, the paper summarizes the key factors affecting rehabilitation outcomes, such as patient compliance, psychological intervention, and technical support, and puts forward prospects for the future development of fracture rehabilitation. This study enriches the theoretical system of fracture rehabilitation and provides practical reference for improving the functional recovery level of fracture patients.

The Potential Role of Mass Spectrometry in the Diagnosis of Immune-Related Diseases

2026-01-03T14:17:23+00:00

Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a powerful analytical technique with signiffcant potential for advancing the diagnosis of immune-related diseases. This comprehensive review examines the fundamental principles of MS technology and its diverse applications in autoimmune disorders, neuroimmune conditions, and cancer-related immune diseases. Through detailed analysis of recent research, we demonstrate how MS-based approaches enable precise characterization of autoimmune antibodies, identiffcation of novel biomarkers, and insights into disease mechanisms. The exceptional sensitivity and speciffcity of MS techniques facilitate detection of low-abundance proteins, post-translational modiffcations, and complex immune signatures that traditional methods often miss.

The Application of the Method of Tonifying Earth to Generate Metal in Chronic Respiratory Diseases

2026-01-03T14:17:23+00:00

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and chronic bronchitis, are characterized by high incidence, recurrent episodes, and prolonged courses, seriously endangering human health. Western medicine mainly focuses on symptom control and inffammation relief, but it is difffcult to solve the root cause of recurrent attacks. The Method of Tonifying Earth to Generate Metal, a classic therapeutic approach in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is based on the Lung-Spleen Correlation Theory. It takes “tonifying the spleen and beneffting qi” as the core, regulates the functional balance of the lung and spleen, and achieves the purpose of treating chronic respiratory diseases.The research aims to provide theoretical reference and clinical guidance for the TCM treatment of chronic respiratory diseases and promote the inheritance and innovation of TCM characteristic therapies.

Quality Control in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Principles and Practices

2026-01-03T14:17:24+00:00

Quality control in pharmaceutical manufacturing is a critical aspect of ensuring the safety, efffcacy, and consistency of medicinal products. This paper explores the fundamental principles and contemporary practices in pharmaceutical quality control, emphasizing the integration of regulatory frameworks and technological advancements. The discussion begins with an overview of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Quality by Design (QbD), highlighting their roles in establishing robust quality systems. Subsequently, the paper examines key control points, such as process validation and real-time monitoring, which are essential for mitigating risks and maintaining product integrity. By analyzing these elements, this study underscores the importance of a proactive approach to quality management, which not only complies with global standards but also enhances operational efffciency. The ffndings suggest that continuous improvement and adoption of innovative technologies are pivotal for addressing emerging challenges in the pharmaceutical industry. This paper serves as a reference for practitioners and researchers seeking to optimize quality control processes in drug manufacturing.

Nursing Care for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2026-01-03T14:17:25+00:00

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deffciency, with a global prevalence that continues to rise. It not only leads to abnormal blood glucose metabolism but also increases the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications, seriously endangering patients’ physical health and quality of life. Nursing care, as an indispensable part of T2DM comprehensive management, plays a key role in controlling blood glucose, preventing complications, and improving patients’ self-management abilities. This paper explores the theoretical basis and core principles of T2DM nursing, analyzes the core nursing dimensions (including diet, exercise, medication, blood glucose monitoring, and complication prevention), summarizes innovative nursing models and application effects, discusses practical challenges such as poor patient compliance and uneven nursing resources, and proposes targeted optimization strategies. The research aims to provide theoretical reference and clinical guidance for standardizing T2DM nursing practices, enhancing nursing quality, and promoting the long-term health of patients.

Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Therapy for Myocardial Infarction

2026-01-03T14:17:26+00:00

Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute and critical cardiovascular disease characterized by acute myocardial ischemia and necrosis due to coronary artery occlusion. It has the characteristics of high morbidity, rapid progression, and high mortality, seriously threatening human life and health. Western medicine has mature treatment systems for MI, such as reperfusion therapy, antiplatelet aggregation, and lipid-lowering therapy, which can quickly relieve acute symptoms but have limitations in improving long-term prognosis and reducing complications. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), based on the holistic concept and syndrome differentiation and treatment, has unique advantages in regulating qi and blood, unblocking collaterals, and promoting myocardial repair. Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (TCM-WM) therapy combines the advantages of both, complementing each other to optimize the treatment effect.

Research on Humanistic Care in Psychiatric Nursing

2026-01-03T14:17:27+00:00

Humanistic care in psychiatric nursing represents an essential evolution beyond traditional medical models, emphasizing the integration of compassionate understanding with evidence-based practice. This study examines the theoretical foundations, practical applications, and innovative pathways for implementing humanistic care in psychiatric nursing settings. The research identiffes that therapeutic communication and narrative approaches signiffcantly enhance nurse-patient relationships and treatment outcomes. However, current implementations face multiple challenges, including systemic barriers, cultural disparities, and resource limitations.Drawing on multidisciplinary research and clinical cases, this paper proposes a comprehensive framework for humanistic care comprising emotional management, environmental optimization, and social integration. The “psychodrama” approach emerges as an effective intervention for facilitating emotional expression and self-worth reconstruction among patients with mental health conditions . Furthermore, spiritual care components serve as crucial elements for addressing patients’ existential needs and promoting holistic healing .

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Management

2026-01-03T14:17:28+00:00

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP), also known as immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis, is the most common systemic vasculitis in childhood and adolescence, characterized by non-thrombocytopenic palpable purpura, arthralgia, abdominal pain, and potential renal involvement. Its pathogenesis is centered on abnormal IgA immune complex deposition and subsequent vascular inffammation, with interactions between genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, and immune dysregulation. This paper systematically reviews the latest progress in HSP research, focusing on its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. It clariffes the core pathological process of IgA1 glycosylation abnormalities and vascular endothelial damage, elaborates on the diversity of clinical presentations (including typical skin lesions and multi-system involvement), and summarizes evidence-based diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis approaches.

Comprehensive Clinical Management of Constipation and Integrated Strategies

2026-01-03T14:17:29+00:00

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder with signiffcant impact on quality of life and healthcare systems worldwide. This paper examines current clinical management strategies for constipation, focusing on integrated approaches that combine lifestyle interventions, pharmacological treatments, and emerging therapies. Through analysis of recent guidelines and research evidence, we demonstrate the importance of personalized treatment plans based on pathophysiology classiffcation. The implementation of stepped treatment protocols, emphasizing initial lifestyle modiffcations followed by targeted laxative therapy and specialized interventions for refractory cases, shows improved patient outcomes.